Plasma and Chemical Deposition of Polypyrrole onto MCM-41 for Glucose Sensing

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In this study, polypyrrole/MCM-41 composite was synthesized and characterized via the two different routes of chemical and plasma methods. Glassy carbon electrodes were modified with MCM-41 and its respective composites through drop-casting, followed by drying, to be utilized in the amperometric sensing of glucose. The electrode surface was modified with glucose oxidase via cross-linking. Samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The amperometric determination of glucose was achieved onto modified working electrode at +0.70V vs. Ag/AgCl. The response time of the glucose electrodes was 30 s. In fact, the electrode modified with PPy/MCM-41-plasma exhibited analytical performance comparable to that of PPy/MCM-41-chemical. However, the PPy/MCM-41-chemical composite modified electrode exhibited the superior analytical performance towards glucose compared to the pure MCM-41 and PPy/MCM-41-plasma. The upper limit of the linear working range was 4.1 mM glucose concentration for PPy/MCM-41-chemical. The glucose sensor exhibited an analytical performance, characterized by a low detection limit (LOD) of 381 nM and a high sensitivity of approximately 910.72 µA.mM−1.cm−2. Based on the Lineweaver-Burk plot, the sensor exhibited a KM value of 0.009 mM, indicating a high enzymatic affinity for glucose.