A different perspective in trauma patients: can pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) predict mortality?

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BACKGROUND: Trauma is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Accurate prognostic assessment in emergency departments and intensive care units is essential for effective triage and management. Consequently, various prognostic markers have been explored in trauma populations. The pan-immune-inflammation (PIV) is a biomarker derived from a complete blood count (CBC) and can be rapidly obtained in clinical settings. This study aimed to evaluate the role of PIV in predicting the prognosis of trauma patients. METHODS: This study examined patients admitted to a tertiary-level intensive care unit due to trauma at a training and research hospital. Established prognostic parameters, including the Revised Trauma Score (RTS), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and Acute Physi-ology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores, were evaluated. PIV values were calculated from laboratory data. Mortality, morbidity, and length of hospital stay were retrospectively analyzed. The predictive value of PIV for mortality was assessed using statistical methods. RESULTS: A total of 74 patients were included. The survivor group comprised seven females (11.5%) and 54 males (88.5%), while the non-survivor group included one female (7.7%) and 12 males (92.3%). PIV, RTS, GCS, and APACHE II scores were effective in predicting mortality (p<0.001). The cut-off value for PIV was 6367.5; patients with PIV values below this threshold had a higher risk of mortality compared to those with higher values. CONCLUSION: Rapid and reliable prognostication is essential in emergency settings. PIV demonstrates predictive performance comparable to established prognostic scoring systems. Early assessment of PIV in trauma patients may support more effective triage and treatment planning.