Fotovoltaik (FV) Teknolojileri, FV Modül Karakteristiği, Bağlantı Formları ve Standartların İncelenmesi

Turkish

The effective utilization of energy has become a major concern in recent years on account of the rapidly increasing demand with population growth and industrialization. In parallel with this growing demand towards energy usage, the world-wide energy supply has been subjected to enormous stress. Therefore, energy efficiency and using alternative energy sources issues have become more crucial. Photovoltaic (PV) systems can be shown among the mostly used alternative energy sources and this technology is gaining remarkable popularity. However, PV systems suffer from low system efficiency, high initial cost and erratic atmospheric conditions. Presently, the studies are extended in order to improve the structural efficiency of the PV panels and provide energy efficiency solutions by qualifying the raw material. In this paper, it is aimed to make an investigation on the PV cells technology in terms of efficiency, cost and technical properties based on employed raw materials. On the other hand, a PV panel model is presented to achieve extraction of panel characteristic and for usage in power systems simulation in PSCAD/EMTDC program. This panel model is suitable for the purpose of realizing power system dynamic and transient analysis of both stand-alone and grid connected PV systems. Also an evaluation of grid connection standards and codes for Turkey is presented in detail.