GENOTOXIC AND CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF NANOPARTICLE AND BULK FORMS OF MOLYBDENUM TRIOXIDE AND MOLYBDENUM DISULFIDE

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Nanoparticles (NPs) and bulk forms of MoO3 and MoS2 (0.1, 1, 10, 100 µg/mL) were investigated by chromosome aberrations, CBMN-Cyt and comet assay in human lymphocytes for the first time. This study compared both MoO3 and MoS2 and their NPs and bulk forms. Both NP and bulk forms of MoO3 and MoS2 did not cause an increase in the frequency of abnormal cell and CA/Cell compared to the control. While both NPs and bulk forms of MoS2 significantly increased the micronucleus frequency, MoO3 did not cause an increase. This increase was slightly higher in MoS2 NPs than in their bulk form. According to our comet assay results, both NPs and bulk forms of the MoO3 and MoS2 significantly increased the DNA damage at all concentrations. Both MoO3 and MoS2 significantly decreased MI. Neither MoO3 nor MoS2 caused a significant variation in NDI, CBPI, % cytostasis, NPB, and NBUD frequency compared to the negative control. Both particles were also characterized physicochemically. Our results revealed that MoO3 and MoS2 may have weak genotoxic and cytotoxic effects. Therefore, the toxicity potential of these particles and their underlying mechanisms for safer usage need to be investigated in more detail by other in vivo and in vitro genotoxicity and cytotoxicity tests.