Investigation of Self-Efficacy Levels of Different Sports Branch Referees

OpenAlex English

This study aimed to examine the self-efficacy levels of referees from diffrent sports branches. The study sample consisted of 309 referees who were actively working in İzmir during the 2021–2022 season and were selected through a simple random sampling method. Data were collected using a “Personal Information Form” and the “Referee Self-Efficacy Scale.” The personal information form gathered demographic details such as gender, age, sport discipline, and refereeing experience. The “Referee Self-Efficacy Scale,” developed by Karaçam and Pulur (2017), is a 5-point Likert-type instrument comprising 18 items and five sub-dimensions. As the data were found to be normally distributed, in-dependent samples t-tests were conducted to analyze the variables of gender, sport disci-pline, and refereeing experience, while one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine the age and education level variables. As a result, it was found that male refer-ees had higher scores in the game knowledge sub-dimension in terms of the gender varia-ble. In terms of age, the 18–24 and 25–34 age groups scored higher than the 35–44 age group in the physical competence and game knowledge sub-dimensions. Additionally, the 25–34 age group scored higher than the 35–44 age group in the decision-making and communication sub-dimension, and higher than the 18–24 age group in the pressure sub-dimension. While no significant difference was observed between different sports branches, self-efficacy scores were generally high across all branches. Regarding referee-ing experience, referees with more years of experience scored higher in the pressure sub-dimension compared to those with fewer years of experience.