Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Serum Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 Levels in Lung Cancer Patients

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OZET Amac: Akciger kanseri kotu prognozlu ve tedavi yaniti sinirli olan bir kanser turudur. Galektin akciger kanseri patogenezinde rol alabildigi dusunulen fakat akciger kanseri ile iliskisinin yeterli duzeyde gosterilemedigi potansiyel bir belirtectir. Amacimiz serumda basit bir yontem olan galektin 1 ve 3 olcumunun, akciger kanseri tanisal ya da prognostik belirteci olup olamayacagini arastirmaktir. Yontem: Calismaya 49 akciger kanseri ve 30 saglikli kontrol hastasi alindi. Serumlarinda galektin 1 ve 3 duzeyleri galektin olcum kiti ile calisildi. Akciger kanserli olgular ve saglikli kontrol hastalari galektin 1 ve 3’un tanisal ve prognostik belirtec olup olmayacagi ile ilgili parametreler istatistiksel olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Akciger kanserli hastada galektin 1 ve 3 degeri, kontrol grubuna gore daha dusuktu. Galektin 1 ve 3 duzeyleri ile sag kalim, evre ve tumor capi arasinda iliski saptanmazken, metastaz ve tumor tipi ile negatif iliskisi saptandi. Sonuc: Galektin 1 ve 3 degeri akciger kanseri hastalarinda saglikli olgulara gore daha dusuktur fakat sensitivite ve spesifitesi kisitlidir. Literaturde yuksek galektin duzeyi ile akciger kanseri arasinda pozitif saptanan iliskinin daha genis hasta gruplarinda calisilmasinin uygun olacagi gorusundeyiz. Basit bir tanisal belirtec olarak serum duzeyinin kullanimi umut vaat etmektedir. Anahtar Sozcu¨kler: Akciger kanseri; Galektin; Galektin 1; Galektin 3; Kanser ABSTRACT Objective: Lung cancer is a cancer type with poor prognosis and limited treatment response. Galectin is a potential marker of lung cancer, which is suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of lung cancer although its association with lung cancer was not accurately demonstrated. Our aim was to investigate whether the simple method of serum galectin 1 and 3 measurements could be diagnostic or prognostic markers of lung cancer. Methods: Forty-nine lung cancer patients and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. The serum galectin 1 and 3 levels were measured using a Galectin assay kit, provided by contribution of the Hitit University Scientific Research Project (SRP). Lung cancer patients and healthy controls were categorized by galectin 1 and 3 levels, either as high or low, and were evaluated statistically for parameters related to diagnostic and prognostic markers. Results: Galectin 1 and 3 values were lower in lung cancer patients compared to the control group (p= 0.015, p= 0.001, respectively). No significant difference was detected for survival and size of tumor between Galectin 1 and 3 groups. Significant difference was detected for metastasis and type of tumor between Galectin 1 and 3 groups. Conclusion: Galectin 1 and 3 values were lower in lung cancer patients compared to healthy subjects but sensitivity and spesifity were not satisfactory. We believe that, the positive relationship between high galectin levels and lung cancer reported in the literature should be assessed further in larger patient populations. Galectin 1 and 3 were not found associated with survival. Measurement of serum galectin-1 and galectin-3 levels as a diagnostic marker is a simple but promising method. Keywords: Lung cancer; Galectin; Galectin 1; Galectin 3; Cancer