Phenolic and antioxidant assessment of the flowers, stems, leaves, and fruits of Rosa pimpinellifolia and Rosa canina at different growth time

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Natural plants are abundant intheir native habitats and are traditionally used totreat avariety ofhealth conditions. The Rosa genus stands out asanimportant species rich inbioactive compounds. This study, conducted inTrkiye, aimed toanalyse the antioxidant and phenolic profiles ofmethanolic extracts obtained from different parts ofRosa canina (R.c.) and Rosa pimpinelifolia (R.p.) collected in2021 and 2022. The antioxidant activity values ofR.c. collected in2021 and 2022 were found tobebetween 5 102.31–46 396.36mmol Fe(II)/100g inferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 141.92–377.54mg ascorbic acid equivalents (AA)/kg intotal antioxidant capacity(TAC), 2.18–24.68µg/g in2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH (EC50)] and 34.31–75.77 % inDPPH(% inhibition). Antioxidant activity ofR.p. collected in2021 and 2022 ranged from 17 258.44–71 903.20mmol Fe(II)/100g, 271.69–479.19mg AA/kg, 1.02–8.32µg/g and 50.98–85.57% for FRAP, TAC, DPPH (EC50) and DPPH (% inhibition), respectively. The R.p. extracts generally exhibited higher antioxidant activity than those ofR.c. Considering the total identified phenolic compounds achieved from different plant parts ofrosehip for both years, the highest values oftotal phenolic compounds were determined inR.c. leaves (222.08mg/100g) in2021, and R.p. leaves (5 465.95 mg/100 g) in 2021.