Spherical fuzzy decision support approach to evaluate the sustainable strategies in agri-food supply chains: A case study in tea supply chain

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This study proposes a novel sustainability-focused model for evaluating agri-food supply chains , illustrated by a Turkish tea supply chain case ensuring environmental, economic, and social benefits . The research aims to assess and prioritize strategies for enhancing sustainability by identifying key criteria within the sustainability framework . We identify and weigh comprehensive environmental, social, economic, and technical criteria, then rank five strategies aimed at long-term resilience and efficiency. Findings reveal low R&D investment as a major barrier while adopting digital technologies emerges as the most effective solution. These results highlight the novelty of sustainability in our framework, guiding stakeholders toward more balanced decisions.