ASEAN and SDG-9: Unveiling the Dynamics of Sustainable Development

Turkish

This study aims to examine the determinants of SDG-9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) in ASEAN countries for the period 2006–2021. By focusing on the effects of the Liner Shipping Connectivity Index (LSCI), renewable energy use (RNW), trade intensity (TRADE), GDP growth rate (GRW), and unemployment rate (UN), the research investigates how these factors shape sustainable industrial development in the region. Second-generation panel data methods were used, accounting for cross-sectional dependence and country-specific heterogeneity. In this context, panel unit root and cointegration tests were performed using methods that account for cross-sectional dependence, and short- and long-term relationships were analyzed using the CS-ARDL estimator. Additionally, the AMG estimator was used to examine country-specific differences. The findings show that logistical connectivity and renewable energy use have positive and significant long-term effects on SDG-9. In contrast, negative effects were detected from economic growth and unemployment variables. Trade intensity did not have a significant effect. The results highlight the need for holistic, country-specific policy approaches to sustainable industrial transformation.