PANI: Ni(Leu)2 based non-enzymatic electrochemical dopamine sensor

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Abstract In this study, metal complexes of Leucine (Leu) and Tryptophan (Trip), namely nickel(Leucine)2 (Ni(Leu)2), zinc(Leucine)2 (Zn(Leu)2), cobalt(Leucine)2 (Co(Leu)2), copper(Leucine)2 (Cu(Leu)2), nickel(Tryptophan)2 (Ni(Trip)2), zinc(Tryptophan)2 (Zn(Trip)2), cobalt(Tryptophan)2 (Co(Trip)2), and copper(Tryptophan)2 (Cu(Trip)2), were synthesized. These complexes were then utilized to fabricate nanocomposites (NCs) based on polyaniline (PANI) through a straightforward sonochemical technique. These NCs were then used to fabricate non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors for detecting dopamine (DOP). The results indicate that the PANI:Ni(Leu)2 NCs based sensor has a high sensitivity of 28.47 μAμM−1 cm−2 and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 9.24 μM. Also, the sensor was tested against fructose, glucose, lactose, and maltose. The sensitivities of the sensor against fructose, glucose, and lactose were calculated as 2.90 μAcm−2 mM−1, 2.14 μAcm−2 mM−1, 2.81 μAcm−2 mM−1, respectively. Due to the use of Ni(Leu)2 composition, the DOP detection sensitivity was higher in PANI:Ni(Leu)2 NCs which can be explained by an enhanced redox mechanism. Furthermore, PANI:Ni(Leu)2 sensor is selectively detect DOP. The PANI:Ni(Leu)2 NCs based sensor is a particularly promising candidate for application in biomedical test kits due to its rapid detection.