Effect of Spiromesifen on Hemocyte Level and Micronucleus Frequency in Galleria mellonella Larvae

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In this study, the immunotoxic and genotoxic effects of Spiromesifen on Galleria mellonella larvae were investigated. For this purpose, Spiromesifen was injected into Galleria mellonella larvae at various doses (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 µg) and time intervals (24, 48, 72 hours) and its effects on hemocyte count and micronucleus frequency were investigated. As a result of the research, while the hemocyte count did not show a significant change at 48 and 72 hours at 10µg and 20µg doses compared to the control group, a serious decrease in the hemocyte count was observed at the highest dose of 60µg. In the study, it is thought that the decrease in the total number of hemocytes may be due to increased necrosis due to cellular damage in hemocytes under oxidative stress caused by high doses of spiromesifen or to the induction of apoptosis due to increased ROS under oxidative stress. With the increase in Spiromesifen concentration in the hemocytes of Galleria mellonella, a significant increase in the number of micronuclei was observed compared to the control group. This clearly shows that Spiromesifen induces micronucleus formation in Galleria mellonella hemocytes and has a genotoxic effect.