The Neurological Outcomes of Amantadine Hydrochloride in Different Etiologies of Traumatic Brain Injury

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Traumatic brain injury is a major public health concern associated with significant neurological sequelae and high mortality. Although its treatment is multifactorial, the effects of amantadine hydrochloride—originally developed as an antiviral agent and later identified to have neuromodulatory properties—are still under investigation. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of amantadine hydrochloride on neurological outcomes in traumatic brain injury patients with different etiologies.A total of 51 patients diagnosed with traumatic brain injury of various etiologies and monitored in the intensive care unit were retrospectively included in the study. Sociodemographic data, clinical findings, imaging results, treatment details involving amantadine hydrochloride, and follow-up Glasgow Coma Scale scores were extracted from medical records. The mean age of the patients was 43.0±21.0 years, and 76.5% were female. The most common etiologies were subarachnoid hemorrhage (37.3%) and subdural hemorrhage (19.6%). Amantadine hydrochloride was administered to 50.9% of the patients. The need for sedation and anti-edema therapy was significantly higher in the amantadine group (p