Epigenetics and DNA Methylation

Metastasis is a complex, multistep process that underlies the majority of cancer-related deaths and is increasingly recognized as a consequence of dynamic epigenetic reprogramming rather than solely genetic alterations. Epigenetic mechanisms enable stable yet reversible changes in gene expression that drive cellular p…

• SEVAL TURNA

Background and Objectives: A subset of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors may experience rapid tumor progression rather than therapeutic benefit, a phenomenon described as hyperprogressive disease (HPD), which is linked to poor prognosis and shortened survival. Reliable biomarkers capable of pre…

DNA repair mechanisms have been a remarkable subject in algae, as in every living organism. Continuous exposure to mutagens has led to the evolution of protection mechanisms in primary producer algae of aquatic ecosystems and various pathways have developed in multiple algae. These pathways are direct and indirect. Un…

ABSTRACT The methylation of cytosines at the 5 th position (d5mC) is one of the most common epigenetic modifications, and alterations in methylation profile of cells are known to be involved in progression of many diseases including cancer. Increased stability of DNA accompanied by decreased flexibility upon methylati…

Aim: Prognostic counseling in adult diffuse glioma increasingly combines histologic grading with routinely available molecular testing. We assessed the incremental prognostic contribution of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status and O⁶-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation beyond clinical var…

Drug resistance remains a significant hurdle in the effective treatment of prostate cancer (PC), leading to therapy failure and disease progression. The reversible nature of epigenetic modifications provides a potential for therapeutic intervention, presenting a promising approach to combat drug resistance. This two-p…

ABSTRACT Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary brain tumor associated with a median survival of approximately 15 months following diagnosis. Current standard-of-care treatment includes surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with the DNA-alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ). However, tumor re…

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Epitranscriptomic modifications, particularly RNA methylations, have emerged as regulators of gene expression, with their dysregulation acting as a key factor in tumorigenesis and metastatic progression. This review evaluates the therapeutic landscapes of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and N1-methyladenosine (m1A) modificat…

Lineage plasticity develops as tumor cells overcome terminal differentiation barriers, adapt to environmental stressors, and acquire metastatic, therapy-resistant phenotypes. These phenotypic transitions are driven by nonmutational epigenetic mechanisms, including dynamic shifts in chromatin accessibility, histone mod…

Silencing of the Cysteine dioxygenase-1 (CDO1) tumor suppressor gene by aberrant DNA methylation contributes to gastric carcinogenesis. Despite evidence that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection induces aberrant DNA methylation in the gastric mucosa, CDO1 promoter methylation has not been well characterized in H.…

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