Evaluation of Carbon Footprint Reduction Strategies in Sustainable Tourism: A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach

OpenAlex Türkçe

This study evaluates carbon footprint reduction strategies in sustainable tourism using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches, focusing on medium to large-scale tourism facilities. The tourism sector accounts for about 8–10% of global greenhouse gas emissions due to energy-intensive activities like transport and accommodation. To address this, an integrated MCDM model combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is proposed. AHP determines the weights of criteria, while TOPSIS ranks strategies based on proximity to the ideal solution. The model assesses alternatives under environmental, economic, and social dimensions. Results indicate that renewable energy use, energy efficiency improvements, and waste management are the most effective strategies. “Increasing renewable energy use” ranks highest, followed by “Expanding energy-efficient technologies” and “Promoting sustainable transport models.” The study contributes a comprehensive, multidimensional framework, addressing prior research limitations focused on isolated strategies, and offers actionable insights for policymakers and tourism operators. Future research may extend this framework to other regions and evaluate long-term impacts.