Management of Cyclosporine and Nifedipine Induced Gingival Hyperplasia

OpenAlex İngilizce

A 54-year-old Caucasian male presented with a 12-month history of relatively slow growth of a generalized mass in the keratinized gingiva of both jaws.The patient was referred to the Department of Periodontology for consultation after a potential diagnosis of periodontal disease.The patient had a history of kidney transplant that had been treated with cyclosporine (500 mg/day) for the previous four years.Furthermore, the patient has been using nifedipine (30 mg/day) for the treatment of hypertension, and warfarin (5 mg/day) for the prevention of prosthetic heart valve thromboembolism since three years.Physical and extraoral examination of the patient were normal.The gingival lesions extended from the mucogingival line around the mandibular teeth and edentulous maxillary ridge were mulberry shaped, firm, pale red, and resilient, a lobulated surface with no tendency to spontaneous bleeding and showed no hyperpigmentation or discoloration b].The gingival enlargements caused formation of periodontal pockets/ pseudopockets.The periodontal condition of the teeth associated with gingival overgrowth was determined by Gingival Index (GI), Probing Depth (PD) and mobility scores [Table /Fig- 2].Furthermore, Vertical Gingival Overgrowth Index (GO index) was used for grading of gingival enlargements.In addition, horizontal gingival overgrowth was measured in the buccal-lingual direction in all interdental papilla according to the MB index [1].