What Drives Coding Adoption in Mathematics Teacher Education? Insights from an Extended UTAUT Model

İngilizce (OpenAlex)

This study investigates the factors influencing pre-service mathematics teachers’ intentions to integrate coding into their instructional practices, using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as its theoretical foundation. While coding is widely recognized as a crucial digital competency, its effective integration into mathematics education depends on various motivational and contextual variables. The study was conducted with 334 pre-service mathematics teachers from seven universities in Turkey. Data were collected using the Coding Usage Intention Scale, developed based on the UTAUT model and extended with additional variables: self-efficacy, perceived learning opportunities, and hedonic motivation. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to test the proposed model. The results revealed that hedonic motivation was the most significant predictor of coding intention (β = 0.646, p < .001). Other significant predictors included performance expectancy, social influence, self-efficacy, and perceived learning opportunities. In contrast, effort expectancy and facilitating conditions did not have statistically significant effects. The overall model demonstrated good fit indices, supporting the validity of the proposed framework. These findings highlight the importance of both cognitive and affective factors in shaping pre-service teachers’ willingness to adopt coding in education. The study offers theoretical and practical implications for teacher education programs, suggesting that increasing enjoyment, competence, and pedagogical awareness around coding may enhance its adoption in mathematics instruction.