Optimizing the synthesis of bovine serum albumin nanoparticles using full factorial design of experiments

OpenAlex İngilizce

Abstract This study highlights the albumin-based nanocarrier synthesis by inverse miniemulsion technique under varying formulations, which play a crucial role in the performance of drug delivery systems. Optimization studies are conducted using the full factorial design of experiments. The comparison study includes the factor of emulsifier amount, the crosslinker amount, and the use of co-emulsifier, which contributes to the stabilization of nanoparticles. A robust and well-developed synthesis method is presented with a systematic optimization approach for stable nanoparticle dispersions at desired size levels. Comparative studies of formulations reveal the impacts of emulsifier on size, and crosslinker amount on stability, with the synergistic impact of co-emulsifier use for structural integrity and thermal stability. Moreover, various surfactant types for particle stabilization in aqueous dispersions revealed distinct physicochemical, thermal characteristics, and morphological properties. The study concluded with a cell cytotoxicity and storage stability analysis, highlighting the potential of nonionic PEG- and/or plant-based surfactants as biocompatible alternatives to common anionic surfactants used in albumin-based synthesis. This comprehensive study provides a conceptual and experimental groundwork for the optimal design of albumin-based nanocarriers in drug delivery applications.