Sporcularda β-Hidroksi-β-Metilbütirat (HMB) Kullanımının Fiziksel Performans Üzerine Etkileri: Kapsamlı Bir İnceleme

OpenAlex Türkçe

In the discipline of sports nutrition, ergogenic aids utilized to enhance athletic performance, accelerate recovery, and optimize body composition occupy a prominent position. Among these supplements, one of the most prominent compounds is β -hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), a metabolite of the essential amino acid leucine. The aim of this review is to analyze the role of HMB in sports nutrition, its mechanisms of action, and the effects of its two primary forms—HMB-Calcium (HMB-Ca) and HMB-Free Acid (HMB-FA)—on physical performance, body composition, and muscle damage, in the light of current literature.An examination of existing studies reveals that HMB operates through anti-catabolic and anabolic mechanisms, supporting increases in muscle mass and strength, particularly through the stimulation of biochemical signaling pathways. It has been determined that HMB supplementation supports lean body mass and strength gains when combined with resistance training, while it may enhance aerobic capacity in endurance athletes. In conclusion, based on the available evidence, HMB is considered a reliable and effective ergogenic aid, although its effectiveness may vary depending on individual training status and the form used.