Prognostic Factors in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

İngilizce (OpenAlex)

Aim: To evaluate overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and prognostic clinicopathological factors in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with curative-intent radiotherapy. Methods: This retrospective study included 95 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with curative-intent radiotherapy. OS and DFS were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Restricted mean survival time (RMST) values were calculated at 24 and 60 months. Factors associated with survival were evaluated by univariate analysis, and variables with statistical significance were further assessed using multivariable Cox regression analysis. Results: Median follow-up was 56.7 months by the reverse Kaplan–Meier method. During follow-up, 43 deaths and 44 DFS events were observed. Median OS was 69.2 months (95% CI, 50.3–88.1), and the 2- and 5-year OS rates were 71.2% and 55.8%, respectively. Median DFS was 71.0 months (95% CI, 29.5–112.5), with 2- and 5-year DFS rates of 62.5% and 50.2%, respectively. In univariate analyses, lymph node involvement was associated with worse OS and showed borderline significance for DFS. Anterior commissure involvement was significantly associated with shorter DFS, while tumor differentiation was associated with OS. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, lymph node involvement remained an independent prognostic factor for both OS and DFS, whereas anterior commissure involvement remained independently associated with DFS. Conclusion: Lymph node involvement was the main prognostic factor for both OS and DFS in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with curative-intent radiotherapy. Anterior commissure involvement was also associated with recurrence risk and may be useful in follow-up planning.