Genotoxicity of pyrethrin misuse as chamomile substitute

İngilizce (OpenAlex)

Aim: Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium is a white-yellow, daisy-like plant known for more than one hundred fifty years of insecticide property. Although active ingredients of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium, pyrethrin is less toxic than organophosphate insecticides, adverse effects on immune system have been demonstrated in numerous animal studies. In our study, the genotoxic potential of accidental consumption (by mixing or unintentional causes) of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium instead of chamomile (Matricaria recutita) is investigated. Material and Methods: Lymphocyte isolation was performed from five male, five female donors from peripheral blood samples. Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of pyrethrin were investigated in human peripheral lymphocyte cultures with chromosome abnormalities (CA). Micronucleus (MN), mitotic index (MI), and nucleus division index (NDI) were calculated. Cultures were treated with mixed doses of pyrethrin and chamomile in different ratios. Results: All doses compared with negative control MN, binucleate, tetranucleate, and MI were significantly increased. In the MN assay, micronucleus formation has been increased due to the gradual increase of pyrethrin/chamomile concentration. In chromosome anomaly test, results differed compared with negative and positive control, and in 24 and 48-hour applications of 1/1 mixed pyrethrin and chamomile samples were founded genotoxically. Discussion: As a result, we have observed pyrethrin has dose-related toxicity increase within the combination. We conclude that the effect of long-term accidental consumption trigger MN, binucleate, tetranucleate formation together with chromosome and chromatin type aberrations