Impact of Different Plant Development Regulators on Yield Components and Growth in Peanut

Türkçe

Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are organic compounds, produced within the plant or applied exogenously, that regulate physiological processes. These substances are active at low concentrations, can be translocated to other organs, and may exert either promotive or inhibitory effects on growth. This study aimed to determine the effects of PGRs, applied at different doses and developmental stages, on selected agronomic traits of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The research was conducted in Osmaniye province, situated in the Eastern Mediterranean Transition Zone, during the 2019 and 2020 main crop seasons. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The experimental treatments consisted of the following: GA3BB10, GA3BB20, GA3FB10, GA3FB20, SWBB40, SWFB60, SWBBFB100, MCBB150, MCBB200, MCFB150, MCFB200, and a Control. A range of agronomic and quality parameters was assessed, including leaf length and width, the number of leaves and branches per plant, plant height, the number of pods per plant, pod weight per plant, 100-pod weight, 100-seed weight, shelling percentage, protein content, and pod yield. The findings of the study revealed that the application of treatments exerted a statistically significant influence on all measured traits, with the exception of the number of branches per plant. The GA3FB20 treatment yielded the highest values for shelling percentage (76.27%) and pod yield (669.76 kg da⁻¹), whereas the MCBB200 treatment resulted in the superior protein content (26.90%). Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the first three principal components (PCs) accounted for 80.369% of the total observed variance. In the biplot generated from PC1 and PC2, the GA3FB20, GA3FB10, and GA3BB20 treatments were identified in closer proximity to the vector for pod yield, suggesting a stronger association with this key parameter. In conclusion, it was determined that plant growth regulators had positive effects on the yield and yield components of the peanut plant, and in terms of pod yield, the application of GA3 at 20 ppm, particularly during the full blooming period, was appropriate.