GEÇ HİTİT KENT DEVLETLERİ DÖNEMİ DİNİ YAPISI ÜZERİNE GÖZLEMLER

Türkçe

In our study, sacread areas, libation, sacrificial animal, graves, dead meal, gods and goddeesses have been handled. During the excavation in Ain Dara, Tell Tayinat, Karkamsh, Aleppo and Zincirli, sites of Neo Hittite Period, sacred places have been discovered. All of this sacred places except Karkamsh sample are megaronplanned. These sacred places show the same characteristics with Urartu and Neo-Assyria, contemporary of Neo Hittite City States, however they reflect mostly features of temples of Northern Syria Region as origin. Additionally, Ivriz and Karasu rock reliefs show that religious rituals were carried out not only in the temples but also in open places such as mountainous regions, water supplies and rock pores. In the Neo Hittite Period, steles for gods and religious ceremonies such as libation for agricultural plentifulness and animal sacrifice also have been carried out. Hence, it has been detected by depicted pieces that there were mostly male officers and rarely female officers in the religious ceremonies. Data about necropolises or graveyards dated to the Neo Hittite Period are known only by simple pit burial from Zincirli and a cremation burial from Karkamsh. However, tradition of erecting grave stel in te Neo Hittite City States is quite widespread. The tradition of grave stel has passed to the Neo Hittite City States from Aramaeans and Phoenicians. Among gods of the Neo Hittite Period, there are Tarhunzas, Runtiyes/Kurunta, Moon, Sun and Mount; among the goddesses there are Kubaba and Ishtar. The attributes of the gods are ax, spear, arrow, bow, bun, lightning bunch, bunch of grapes and bunch of spike; for the goddesses is mirror.