Transient Effects of Exenatide on Intraocular Pressure in a Rat Bone Defect Model

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This study aimed to evaluate whether the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist exenatide influences intraocular pressure (IOP) in Sprague–Dawley rats subjected to a bone defect model, and whether the timing and duration of administration modify this effect. A total of 36 male rats (8–10 weeks old, 200–250 g) were randomly allocated into six groups, including two control groups and four treatment groups receiving exenatide either preoperatively or postoperatively for different durations. Baseline IOP was measured in all animals prior to surgical creation of a bone defect. Exenatide or saline was administered intraperitoneally, and IOP was re-evaluated on postoperative day 7 using a rebound tonometer. IOP measurements were included as an exploratory secondary outcome within the experimental bone defect model rather than the primary endpoint of the study. The results demonstrated a statistically significant change in IOP only in the group receiving exenatide for three days postoperatively (P=0.027), whereas no significant changes were observed in the other treatment groups. In contrast, both control groups exhibited significant postoperative reductions in IOP (placebo group: P=0.023; sham group: P=0.026). These findings suggest that exenatide might transiently influence IOP under certain postoperative conditions, possibly counteracting decreases observed in control groups. However, due to potential confounding factors, the direction and magnitude of this effect remain uncertain and should be considered exploratory.