Troponin T, Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, and Tricuspid Regurgitation Velocity for Biomarker- and Echocardiography-Based Risk Stratification in Critically Ill Patients with Heart Failure

İngilizce (OpenAlex)

Troponin T is a molecular marker of cardiomyocyte injury, whereas left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV) reflect downstream ventricular and cardiopulmonary measures. This study evaluated whether synchronized troponin T and echocardiographic data can identify mortality risk in critically ill patients with heart failure, while separating statistical association from clinically meaningful incremental discrimination. Adult intensive care unit admissions with heart failure diagnoses were identified from MIMIC-IV and MIMIC-IV-ECHO. The primary endpoint was 28-day all-cause mortality; one-year mortality was secondary. Multivariable Cox models were adjusted for demographics, comorbidity, illness severity, organ support, and laboratory covariates. Restricted cubic splines, proportional hazards diagnostics, variance inflation factors, prespecified subgroup interaction tests, complete-case analyses, and multiple imputation sensitivity analyses were performed. The final cohort included 4362 patients, and 1072 patients (24.6%) died within 28 days. In the primary complete-case Cox model (n = 2087; 659 deaths), higher log-transformed troponin T was associated with higher 28-day mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.15; p = 0.003), and higher LVEF was associated with lower mortality (HR per percentage point, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.99–1.00; p = 0.004). After severity and organ-support covariates were entered, troponin T and LVEF produced statistically detectable but very small C-statistic gains. Measurable TRV was available in 1546 patients and was associated with mortality in that subset (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.08–1.52; p = 0.005). Troponin T, LVEF, and TRV were associated with mortality in ICU heart failure. Their contribution was best interpreted as risk enrichment within a clinical severity framework rather than a stand-alone decision rule.