On Kidney and Bladder Diseases in Nuzhat al-adhhān fī iṣlāḥ al-abdān by Physician Dāwūd b. ʿUmar al-Anṭākī

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OBJECTIVES: Dāwūd b. 'Umar al-Anṭākī, known as the Avicenna of his time, was an Ottoman physician and scholar who wrote medical texts in Arabic in the 16th century. He was taught by an Iranian medical scholar, Muḥammad Sharīf, in the fields of logic, physical sciences, Greek, and medicine. After leaving Antioch, he traveled to Lebanon and then to Damascus, where he began writing his work, Tadhkiratu uli l-albāb wa l-jāmi' li l-'ajab al-'ujāb. Dāwūd b. 'Umar al-Anṭākī settled in Egypt, where he taught at the Zāhiriyya Madrasa and practiced medicine before dying in Mecca in 1599. Here, we examined al-Anṭākī's writings on kidney and bladder diseases in his work Nuzhat al-adhhān fī iṣlāḥ al-abdān. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We translated sections on kidney and bladder diseases into English and compared İlter Uzel's copy of Nuzhat al-adhhān fī iṣlāḥ al-abdān with a printed copy. We compared the relevant sections of Nuzhat al-adhhān fī iṣlāḥ al-abdān with the relevant sections of other important works of al-Anṭākī, al-Nuzhat al-mubhija fī tashḥīdh al-adhhān wa ta'dīl al-amzija, and Tadhkiratu uli l-albāb wa l-jāmi' li l-'ajab al-'ujāb. The similarities and differences between these works were revealed. RESULTS: Kidney and bladder diseases are briefly discussed in Nuzhat al-adhhān fī iṣlāḥ al-abdān under the headings "amrāḍ al-kulā wa l-mathāna," "al-ḥisā," and "ḥarqān al-bawl wa taqṭīruhu." CONCLUSIONS: Issues concerning kidney and bladder diseases are addressed more briefly in Nuzhat al-adhhān fī iṣlāḥ al-abdān than in al-Nuzhat al-mubhija fī tashḥīdh al-adhhān wa ta'dīl al-amzija. Tadhkiratu uli l-albāb wa l-jāmi' li l-'ajab al-'ujāb consists solely of kidney and bladder stones. When these works are combined, the information in them complements each other.