Optimizing yield properties of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) plant by integrative application of poultry manure

OpenAlex · İngilizce

Purpose: Poultry manure has promising effects on bitter melon fruit yield and can be considered as a suitable substitute for chemical fertilizers. This study was conducted to determine the effect of chicken (CM) and turkey manure (TM) with a control on the bitter melon morphology and yield at the Agriculture Faculty research and application area of Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye in 2021 year. Method: The treatments were: CM with 10 t/ha (CM1), 12.5 t/ha (CM2), 15 t/ha (CM3), 17.5 t/ha (CM4), TM with 10 t/ha (TM1), 12.5 t/ha (TM2), 15 t/ha (TM3), 17.5 t/ha (TM4). Results: The results showed that TM1 application increased plant height (119.67 cm), and CM3 application increased fruit length (10.20 cm) and diameter (4.20 cm). Also, CM3 application decreased 50% flowering (70.33 days) and first fruit setting days (79.33 days), and increased fresh (142.33 kg/ha) and dry fruit (5.87 kg/ha) yield values. Correlation analysis revealed the highly significant positive correlations (between the r=0.801**-r=1**) in the most of the examined properties. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the examined properties showed a total of 81.4% of the total variation, and reveal to distinguish significant groupings among the examined properties and poultry manure applications. Conclusion: As a conclusion, both CM and TM applications showed positive effect on the bitter melon. Especially, CM3 and CM4 applications had the highest effect on the fruit yield. CM3-4 and TM4 applications can serve as a viable and effective nutrient source for promoting growth and maximizing bitter melon yield. Highlights · Poultry manure enhances the yield value of bitter melon · The chicken manure applications showed positive effect on bitter melon fruit yield · The examined properties showed high total variation according to PCA analysis result · The highest correlation was found between the fresh and dry weight values · The multivariate analyses produced important results