Can vitamin D level be a marker for predicting risk in pulmonary thromboembolism? Comparative evaluation with pulmonary embolism severity index and CT angiography obstruction index

OpenAlex İngilizce

Background/Aim: Venous thromboembolism is a pathological process that is among the leading causes of hospital mortality, and many studies showed that vitamin D receptors have a role in thrombosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 25(OH)D deficiency on pulmonary thromboembolism and evaluate the pulmonary embolism severity index (PESI). Methods: Eighty-one patients over 18 years of age who underwent CT angiography with a pre-diagnosis of pulmonary embolism were included in this case-control study. Groups 1 and 2 consisted of 45 patients with pulmonary embolism (PE), and 36 patients without pulmonary embolism, respectively. The PE patients were divided into five groups in terms of age, gender, fever, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, history of chronic lung disease and heart failure, mental status, and malignancy to calculate the PESI score. Classes 1 and 2 were classified as low-risk, and Classes 3, 4, and 5 as high-risk. The CT obstruction index (CTOI) was calculated in patients with pulmonary embolism. Vitamin D levels were noted. Results: No significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of age, gender, and body mass index values (P>0.05). 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in the pulmonary embolism group (7.2(3.3) vs. 8.7(7.0), P=0.028). The CTOI was significantly higher in the high-risk patient group (P=0.019). Conclusions: The evaluation of 25(OH)D levels may be beneficial in determining the risk of thromboembolism.